Diffuse Optical Imaging

Terms: Diffuse Optical Imaging (20,000), light migration through (6), diffusion of light (71,800), imaging with diffuse (845), migration of light (1,490), diffuse scattering (247,000), diffuse optical (113,000), diffuse optical tomography (75,300), photon diffusion (19,100), molecular imaging (3,420,000), diffusive optical imaging (60), diffusive optical (952),

Boolean: "diffuse optical" +subsurface (2,200), "diffuse optical" +ultrasonic (11,200), "diffuse optical" +seismic (1,510),

Boolean: "diffuse optical" +730 (582),

Terms: energy density (4,590,000), sound energy density (3,080), thermal energy density (28,100), turbulent energy density (421), equilibrium energy density (220), cohesive energy density (9,960), total energy density (49,100), kinetic energy density (38,200), spectral energy density (18,200), electron energy density (1,370),

Terms: energy flow (4,490,000), sound energy flow (1,110), hamiltonian flow (28,600),

Terms: mass flux (519,000), mass flux density (9,780),

Terms: flux (469,000,000), energy flux (715,000),

Terms: injection rate (361,000), diffusion coefficient (1,470,000),

Terms: transfer equation (190,000), radiative transfer (1,560,000), diffusion convection (60,500), photon diffusion (19,100),

Terms: photon diffusion in atmosphere (3), diffusion equation (882,000), diffusion equation for the photon energy density (6), ballistic photons (2,110), ballistic imaging (40,100),

Boolean: "diffusion equation" +absorption +"energy density" (3,230), "diffusion equation" +tomography (32,500), "diffusion equation" +inversion (54,600), diffusion +"source power density" (42), diffusion +"energy density" (264,000),

Numerical Studies of Inversion Formulas for Diffusion Tomography: Effects of Boundary Conditions - energy density u(r,t)( in joules/m3, S(r,t) is the source power density,

Boolean: optical +watt (10,200,000), optical +milliwatt (80,000), optical +microwatt (28,500), optical +nanowatt (8,770), optical +picowatt (2,240), optical +femtowatt (1,200), optical +attowatt (55), optical +zeptowatt (5),

Boolean: infrared +watt (4,670,000), infrared +milliwatt (50,200), infrared +microwatt (15,600), infrared +nanowatt (11,200), infrared +picowatt (863), infrared +femtowatt (380), infrared +attowatt (41), infrared +zeptowatt (2),

Boolean: photoreceiver +picowatt (13), photoreceiver +femtowatt (231), "photo detector" +picowatt (59), "photo detector" +femtowatt (7),

Terms: femtowatt photoreceiver (163), picowatt photoreceiver (0), photoreceiver (69,100),

Wikipedia - Diffuse Optical Imaging, Photon Diffusion Equation,

\nabla(D(r)\cdot\nabla)\Phi(\vec{r},t)-v\mu_a(\vec{r})\Phi(\vec{r},t)+vS(\vec{r},t)=\frac{\partial\Phi(\vec{r},t)}{\partial t}

F is photon fluence rate (W/cm2), µa is absorption coefficient (cm-1), D is diffusion constant, v is the speed of light in the medium (m/s), and S is an isotropic source term (W/cm3).

Encyclopedia of chemistry, analytics & pharmaceutics - Diffuse Optical Imaging, Photon diffusion, By substituting the first equation into the second, we get the diffusion equation for the photon energy density (U).  F is the photon energy flux.  s is the opacity.

\vec F = -\frac{c}{12\pi\sigma}\vec \nabla U,                \vec \nabla \cdot \vec F = 0.

\nabla^2 U -\frac{1}{\sigma}\vec \nabla U \cdot \vec \nabla \sigma=0.

Harvard - Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging - "If you shine a flashlight onto your hand, you can clearly see that light can travel through centimeters of tissue and still be detected.  Can this light be used to “see,” or image, inside the body?  Recent advances in our understanding of light migration through tissue, the resulting development of tomography algorithms and subsequent experimental verification in phantom systems have shown that imaging with diffuse light - diffuse optical imaging (DOI) - is in fact possible."  1 millisecond, mm-cm, spectroscopic.

Harvard - Diffuse optical imaging of the whole head - Significant spatiotemporal covariance in the optical data arising from cardiac pulsation, blood-pressure variations, and respiration

Terms: background physiological fluctuations (4),

Terms: optodes (33,800), functional optical brain (9,250), hemodynamic response (293,000), event related optical signal (1,750),

Boolean: "near infrared spectroscopy" +brain (173,000), "near infrared spectroscopy" +brain +imaging (103,000), optical +"brain activation" (57,800),

Terms: optical contrast (62,100), optical properties (5,450,000),