Ponderomotive Potential

Terms: Ponderomotive Potential (9,150), ponderomotive force (27,700), inhomogeneous electromagnetic (662), wakefield acceleration (29,300), ponderomotive (77,900),

Alfvénic phenomena triggered by resonant absorption of an O-mode pulse - The excitation of low-frequency electromagnetic waves in the band below the ion cyclotron frequency by pump waves having frequency on the order of the electron plasma frequency has been a subject of continued interest in ionospheric heating studies

Terms: collisionless plasma (35,700), collisionless (308,000), ponderomotive effects (3,820), below the ion cyclotron frequency (576), low frequency ponderomotive (46), gyrokinetics (12,500), low frequency gyrokinetics (16), ion acoustic waves (31,800), ponderomotive propulsion (4), laser plasma interaction (41,000), laser plasma (586,000),

Boolean: ponderomotive +"low frequency" (14,700),

\mathbf{F}_p=-\frac{e^2}{4 \, m \, \omega^2}\nabla\mathbf{E}^2

Terms: magnetic pressure (77,300), magnetic pressure gradient (724), magnetic gradient (43,600), magnetic pressure force (459), magnetic tension force (1,190), magnetic tension (32,400),

P_B = \frac{B^2}{2\mu_0}

\mathbf{J}\times\mathbf{B}= \frac{1}{\mu_0} \left(\nabla\times\mathbf{B}\right)\times\mathbf{B} = \frac{\left(\mathbf{B}\cdot\nabla\right)\mathbf{B}}{\mu_0} -\nabla\left(\frac{B^2}{2\mu_0}\right)

The first term on the right hand side represents magnetic tension forces, and the second term on the right hand side represents magnetic pressure forces.

The maximum achievable accelerating gradient is orders of magnitude larger when sustained by the collective fields of a high-density plasma, rather than an evacuated metal structure